IARC 207 Wiki - User contributions [en]

Discharge measurements with ADCP

2009-11-03T18:54:10Z

137.229.76.39:

Follow the following excerpt from USGS QAQC procedures by Oberg et. al.:
USGS SIR 2005-5183 "Quality Assurance Plan for Discharge Measurements using Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers"

"It is important to select appropriate measurement cross
sections for streamflow measurements. Many ADCP measurement
problems can be solved by moving to a better measurement
section. The guidelines provided in USGS Water-
Supply Paper 2175 (Rantz and others, 1982, p. 139) should
be followed when using an ADCP, except for those guidelines
that relate to depth and velocity requirements for current-meter
measurements. Rantz states:
“The first step in making a conventional current-meter
measurement of discharge is to select a measurement crosssection
of desirable qualities. If the stream cannot be waded,
and high-water measurements are made from a bridge or
cableway, the hydrographer has no choice with regard to
selection of a measurement cross-section. If the stream can be
waded, the hydrographer looks for a cross-section of channel
with the following qualities:

1. Cross-section lies within a straight reach, and streamlines
are parallel to each other.

2. Velocities are greater than 0.5 ft/s (0.15 m/s) and
depths are greater than 0.5 ft (0.15 m).

3. Streambed is relatively uniform and free of numerous
boulders and heavy aquatic growth.

4. Flow is relatively uniform and free of eddies, slack
water, and excessive turbulence.

5. Measurement section is relatively close to the gagingstation
control to avoid the effect of tributary inflow
between the measurement section and control and to
avoid the effect of storage between the measurement
section and control during periods of rapidly changing
stage.

It will often be impossible to meet all of the above criteria, and
when that is the case, the hydrographer must exercise judgment
in selecting the best of the sites available for making the
discharge measurement. If the stream cannot be waded and
the measurement must be made from a boat, the measurement
section selected should have the attributes listed above, except
for those listed in item 2 concerning depth and velocity.”

General guidelines for selection of an ADCP measurement
section are listed below.

• Desirable measurement sections are roughly parabolic,
trapezoidal, or rectangular. Asymmetric channel
geometries (for example, deep on one side and shallow
on the other) should be avoided if possible (Simpson,
2002), as should cross sections with abrupt changes in
channel-bottom slope. The streambed cross section
should be as uniform as possible and free from debris
and vegetation or plant growth.

• Measurement sections with velocities less than
0.30 ft/s should be avoided if it is possible to do so,
and an alternative measurement location is available.
Although measurements can be made in low velocities,
boat speeds must be kept extremely slow (if possible,
less than or equal to the average water velocity)
requiring special techniques for boat control (Simpson,
2002).

• Depth at the measurement site should allow for the
measurement of velocity in two or more depth cells at
the start and stop points near the left and right edges of
water.

• Sites with very turbulent flow, for example, evidenced
by standing waves, large eddies, and non-uniform
flow lines, should be avoided. This condition is often
indicative of non-homogenous flow, a condition that
violates one of the assumptions required for accurate
ADCP velocity and discharge measurements.

• Measurement sections having local magnetic fields that
are relatively large as compared to the Earth’s magnetic
field should be avoided. Large steel structures, such as
overhead truss bridges, are a common source for these
large local magnetic fields and may result in ADCP
compass errors.

• When using DGPS, avoid locations where multi-path
interference is possible (signals from the satellites
bounce off structures and objects such as trees along
the bank or nearby bridges or buildings) or where
reception of signals from GPS satellites is blocked."

Additional Equipment needed:

Laser Rangefinder to measure shore distances, Field Book for note taking, Handheld radios.

Data you will need to know before making a measurement:
*Transducer depth below water surface
*Maximum water depth
*Magnetic declination

Notes you should take in the field:

*General cross section shape (record in field notes, needed for estimating flow along edges)
*Bank shapes
*Flow description (steady/unsteady, turbulence, eddies, slack water, reverse flows, etc).
*Start and stop points (distance to shore)
*configuration

Required steps for QAQC:

*ADCP test
*Compass calibration (Rio Grande, River Cat)
*Moving bed test REQUIRED (especially if no GPS)

Then visit the following pages for documentation of procedures for ADCP you will be using.

Discharge measurements with ADCP

2009-11-03T18:09:33Z

137.229.76.39:

Follow the following excerpt from USGS QAQC procedures by Oberg et. al.:
USGS SIR 2005-5183 "Quality Assurance Plan for Discharge Measurements using Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers"

"It is important to select appropriate measurement cross
sections for streamflow measurements. Many ADCP measurement
problems can be solved by moving to a better measurement
section. The guidelines provided in USGS Water-
Supply Paper 2175 (Rantz and others, 1982, p. 139) should
be followed when using an ADCP, except for those guidelines
that relate to depth and velocity requirements for current-meter
measurements. Rantz states:
“The first step in making a conventional current-meter
measurement of discharge is to select a measurement crosssection
of desirable qualities. If the stream cannot be waded,
and high-water measurements are made from a bridge or
cableway, the hydrographer has no choice with regard to
selection of a measurement cross-section. If the stream can be
waded, the hydrographer looks for a cross-section of channel
with the following qualities:

1. Cross-section lies within a straight reach, and streamlines
are parallel to each other.

2. Velocities are greater than 0.5 ft/s (0.15 m/s) and
depths are greater than 0.5 ft (0.15 m).

3. Streambed is relatively uniform and free of numerous
boulders and heavy aquatic growth.

4. Flow is relatively uniform and free of eddies, slack
water, and excessive turbulence.

5. Measurement section is relatively close to the gagingstation
control to avoid the effect of tributary inflow
between the measurement section and control and to
avoid the effect of storage between the measurement
section and control during periods of rapidly changing
stage.

It will often be impossible to meet all of the above criteria, and
when that is the case, the hydrographer must exercise judgment
in selecting the best of the sites available for making the
discharge measurement. If the stream cannot be waded and
the measurement must be made from a boat, the measurement
section selected should have the attributes listed above, except
for those listed in item 2 concerning depth and velocity.”

General guidelines for selection of an ADCP measurement
section are listed below.

• Desirable measurement sections are roughly parabolic,
trapezoidal, or rectangular. Asymmetric channel
geometries (for example, deep on one side and shallow
on the other) should be avoided if possible (Simpson,
2002), as should cross sections with abrupt changes in
channel-bottom slope. The streambed cross section
should be as uniform as possible and free from debris
and vegetation or plant growth.

• Measurement sections with velocities less than
0.30 ft/s should be avoided if it is possible to do so,
and an alternative measurement location is available.
Although measurements can be made in low velocities,
boat speeds must be kept extremely slow (if possible,
less than or equal to the average water velocity)
requiring special techniques for boat control (Simpson,
2002).

• Depth at the measurement site should allow for the
measurement of velocity in two or more depth cells at
the start and stop points near the left and right edges of
water.

• Sites with very turbulent flow, for example, evidenced
by standing waves, large eddies, and non-uniform
flow lines, should be avoided. This condition is often
indicative of non-homogenous flow, a condition that
violates one of the assumptions required for accurate
ADCP velocity and discharge measurements.

• Measurement sections having local magnetic fields that
are relatively large as compared to the Earth’s magnetic
field should be avoided. Large steel structures, such as
overhead truss bridges, are a common source for these
large local magnetic fields and may result in ADCP
compass errors.

• When using DGPS, avoid locations where multi-path
interference is possible (signals from the satellites
bounce off structures and objects such as trees along
the bank or nearby bridges or buildings) or where
reception of signals from GPS satellites is blocked."

Additional Equipment needed:

Laser Rangefinder to measure shore distances, Field Book for note taking, Handheld radios.

Data you will need to know before making a measurement:
*Transducer depth below water surface
*Maximum water depth

Notes you should take in the field:

*General cross section shape (record in field notes, needed for estimating flow along edges)
*Bank shapes
*Flow description (steady/unsteady, turbulence, eddies, slack water, reverse flows, etc).
*Start and stop points (distance to shore)
*configuration

Required steps for QAQC:

*ADCP test
*Compass calibration (Rio Grande, River Cat)
*Moving bed test REQUIRED (especially if no GPS)

Then visit the following pages for documentation of procedures for ADCP you will be using.

RDI StreamPro ADCP

2009-11-03T00:41:44Z

137.229.76.39:

== General StreamPro Notes ==

*On the ADCP always point Beam 3 45 degrees from forwards. The beams are labeled near the bottom (sensor part) of the unit but on the cylindrical face. It doesn't matter if Beam 1 or Beam 2 is in front at 45* but it is important for Beam 3 to one of the two beams at the 45* from forward.

*The transducer should be mounted so that it is submerged 3 to 6 cm below the water surface.

*Maximum depth is 2 meters. If you have water deeper than 2 m, you will have to use the River Cat or the Rio Grande.

*Energy Usage. The manual gives the following breakdown for Streampro ADCP run times and battery type:
**General Alkaline AA -- 7.5 hours
**Nickel-Metal Hydride Rechargeable AA -- 12.75 hours
**Lithium nonRechargeable AA -- 21 hours

But, these numbers will probably be less for us by some amount since we'll be using the batteries near freezing where they have a bit less capacity. Bring spare batteries.

*Be careful with the transducer part of the operation. The Urethane face is sensitive to scratching and extreme temperature (coefficient of thermal expansion for the urethane). Also, remove the batteries after operation so they don't corrode in the battery housing.

*Always exit streampro on the IPAQ and/or Winriver on the laptop and disconnect the bluetooth before powering down the StreamPro ADCP.

== IPAQ Instructions: ==
1) Ipaq configurations: To start bluetooth go to Settings -> COnnections -> Bluetooth ... then select the 'Bluetooth Manager' in the bottom of the screen. Click and hold 'RDI SPro 00597: SPP' when prompted, click 'Connect'
2) Note, the maximum depth you can use with the StreamPro is 4 meters.

Another way to get there: Click 'Start' then 'iPAQ Wireless' then 'Bluetooth Manager' then click & hold 'RDI SPro 00597: SPP' when prompted, click 'Connect'

Along those lines, the bluetooth connection is finicky unless you do things in the following order:
1) Turn on Stream Pro
2) Connect via Bluetooth to the Stream Pro
3) Start StreamPro on the iPaq.

After finishing gaging the river shutdown in this sequence (again for better connections later):
1) Select 'Exit' from the menu in the lower left corner of the iPaq (don't just minimize) to quit StreamPro on the Ipaq
2) Disconnect and turn off the Bluetooth on the iPaq
3) Turn off the Stream Pro ADP.

3) To change settings (numbers) from the iPAQ click on the keyboard in the lower right corner.

4) StreamPro Setup:
+ Things you may need to change each time you configure:
Transducer depth (which is the depth from the water surface to the sensor head)
+ Things you should rarely change (I anticipate anyway):
Cell Size (0.10 m), # of Depth Cells (20), Maximum Depth (2.1 m)
+ You can specify the file name of the configuration file if you "save as" and change the file name from the default to the river you are on and maybe the date.
+ A bit more about the rarely changed settings... The cell size can range from 2 to 10 centimeters. So if you are running in shallower water you could reduce the cell size. The cell size refers to how thick the cells are vertically in the water column. The maximum number of cells the unit can process however, is limited to 20 so, if you wanted finer resolution at one meter you couldn't set the cell size to anything less than 5 cm.

+ Time will tell with the ADP but the RiverCat sometimes did better when the total cell number wasn't maximized. We will see with experience whether we should reduce the number of depth cells measured. I think it was a function of the processor. You could use a higher number of depth cells if you were willing to set a longer integration period. The RDI unit doesn't allow you to set the integration period so this may be a non issue but we will see with practical experience.

Additionally, if the stream is less than 1m deep AND the stream velocity is less than 0.25 m/s you can set the depth to 1m or less which will allow you to use the ADP in low noise mode for better accuracy during low flows.

5) Communication Test -- when turning on the unit do a communication test. Click on the 'Test' tab and then click 'Instrument'. From the menu that appears select 'Self-Test' or 'Start Pinging'. You'll get an error message if there are communications problems. If there are problems you may need to turn the ADP on and off again. Also, you should then turn the bluetooth on the Ipaq off and then on again. The final step is to reconnect to the StreamPro ADP as outlined in step 3.

6) When you're ready to gage click the 'DataCollection' menu towards the top of the screen. From this screen click 'Transect Start'. This will bring up a new window where you can select whether you're on the left bank or right bank and the distance from the edge.. Then make measurements until getting to the other bank.

7) The distance from the edge (left bank or right bank edge) is defined for these measurements as the distance to the edge from the point where the ADP is able to measure two good measurements in the vertical column.

8) You can download the data by copying the files (configuration and data files) onto a laptop and load them into WinRiver to river. WinRiver is located on the little toughbook.

9) Note that the IPAQ needs to be completely turned off or the battery will die. Often, if you press the off button, it will go into standby and the screen will be so dim that you would think it was off. Charge up the IPAQ overnight before you head out in the field the next day. There are two spare batteries for the IPAQ.

== WINRIVER II instructions: ==
Winriver is a better tool than the IPAQ because you can observe what is happening during the measurement (check for bad bins %, bad ensembles, lost ensembles, etc.). You can examine the ship track to see if there is a moving bed. You can easily view the velocity profile with depth and over time.

1) You must use a laptop with blue tooth capabilities.
On the minitoughbook, make sure the wireless switch is turned to the "on" position (left hand side of the computer) and the bluetooth (from the taskbar lightening icon on bottom right corner of screen) is checked to bluetooth ON.

2) Powering up: Press the power button on the StreamPro ADCP.

3) Set up bluetooth: Go to the Bluetooth Manager (in the taskbar) and open up the Bluetooth Settings. Right click on the RDI SPRO 00597 button and click connect. (Note, if you lose connections during the measurement, check here to reconnect and then restart with a new measurement). If you are using GPS w/ bluetooth for fun (Streampro has no compass right now), you can also connect to your GPS. You might also use an external bluetooth connection (through the serial port or the USB port).

4) Open up Winriver II and first configure the peripherals
*ADCP - and configure the com port and buad rate that the bluetooth uses for the streampro. Often it is COM40. Always use 115.2 K for the streampro baud rate.
*GPS - if using GPS you need to specify the bluetooth COM port for GPS.
*You should test the port to make sure winriver can communicate with the ADCP and GPS. If you get a blank screen communications are not working properly.

5) WinRiver II set up:

a) Select File --> New Measurement.

b) Enter in the Station data (include the date of measurement in the station name) and click next

c) Enter in any Rating information and click next

d) in the configuration of devices, Winriver II will attempt to talk to the StreamPro ADCP and should automatically detect it (wait a few seconds)

e) in configuration, If using GPS, check the associated buttons. (note that StreamPro cannot use GPS, but you may still be able to use Winriver II to collect the GPS data).

f) in the Offsets, enter in the '''transducer depth (m)''', this is the distance from the transducer bottom to the water surface. Note that you should align the transducer heads in line with the bottom of the float.

g) enter the magnetic variation at your location (not important for StreamPro - required for Rio Grande)

h) Use the default cell size and number of cells if possible, and then enter the max water depth and velocity. The max boat speed should always be equal to or less than the
water velocity when making the measurement. The maximum water depth is 2 meters w/ Streampro.

i) enter the water mode 12 or 13.

j) in the recording section, write down the file name prefix, which should be the Station Name and Location and the date of msmst:
Example: KadleroshilikR_pipeline_060609

Also check the "Long (YY-MM-DD hhmmss)" in the Use Date/Time in Filename section.

6) Next step is to conduct the following required QA/QC tests:

a) Set ADCP clock

b) Conduct the ADCP test (diagnostic test). Write down in your notes if any tests fail and if they do, try again. Test should be conducted in '''non-moving water'''.

c) Conduct a compass calibration and evaluation '''if''' the instrument has a compass (no compass on the streampro as of August 2009). Compass calibration and evaluation should be less than 2 degrees, and better yet, less than 1 degree. If not, try again, and keep trying until less than 2 degrees.

d) Conduct a moving bed test. '''REQUIRED''', especially if there is no compass/GPS. It is good practice to do this for every measurement so you can correct the data for a moving bed (moving bed materials also include very fine sediments and organic materials). Do a stationary test or a loop test. It will appear as if the boat has moved upstream. Stationary test for 10 minutes, or do a loop back to your starting point. If you have a moving bed, it will appear as if the boat is moving upstream.

7) You are ready to begin the measurement and so press F4 Start Pinging. Make sure you have two depth cells (or two good bins) before you start the measurement.

8) Press F5 or Start Transect. Measure the distance from the bank to the starting location where you have 2 good bins. Inside this area, the discharge will will be estimated by the software. Make a note of the channel geometry for these purposes. Wait for 10 ensembles, then proceed slowly across the river.

Four transects are required and must be within 5% of the mean discharge. If you cannot make the 5%, continue to do additional transects. It may be necessary to do your transect diagonally downstream if the velocities are very fast. The key making a measurement is to move the boat slowly! Boat velocity should always be less than the water velocity.

9) At the stopping location (where there are still 2 good bins) hold the boat position for 10 ensembles w/ 2 good bins. To stop the transect press F5 again or Stop Transect. Measure the distance from the ADCP to the bank and enter it in the computer. Then begin the next transect by pressing F5/Start Transect.

10) Press F12 to see the discharge measurement summary

== General StreamPro / Winriver II / IPAQ troubleshooting ==

1) Communications: This is generally the biggest problem.
*If you have "lost ensembles" you probably have a communications problem
*Sometimes the bluetooth communication is lost and you need to "reconnect" to the device in the bluetooth settings window
*Sometimes the order in which you connect can be a problem, or maybe some other program is already using the com (hyperterminal, etc).
*low battery on the streampro (yellow blinking light)
*you are out of range of the bluetooth/IPAQ/Laptop. Typical range is only 10 meters unless you have an external bluetooth radio, which can extend the connection up to 150 m.

2) Hydrology: This is the other big problem, sometimes the streampro may not be the right tool for the job!
*The streampro works best in shallow water.

Main Page

2009-11-03T00:34:56Z

137.229.76.39: /* Field Notes and Procedures */

= Water and Environmental Research Center Hydrologic Research Sites Wikipedia =

This is a collaborative website for people involved with WERC's research stations, in any of several different projects:

== Some Good Things to Know ==

* [[New Person]] in the department guide
* [[North Slope Training Procedures - Bullen/Foothills/Kuparuk projects]]
* [[Common Instrumentation]] links
* [[Software]] we use
* [[Troubleshooting]] sensors etc.
* [[Common Sensor Wiring]]
* [[Datalogger programming]]
* [[Laboratory Scale Logging Computer]]

== Field Notes and Procedures ==
* Making [[discharge measurements with ADCP]]
* Using the [[Sontek handheld ADP]]
* Using the [[Sontek Rivercat and Toughbook]]
* Using the [[Flo-Mate]] flow meter
* [[Winriver II]] Software for RDI ADCP Discharge Measurements
* Using the [[RDI StreamPro ADCP]]
* Using the [[RDI Rio Grande ADCP]]
* [[Bluetooth Communiciations]] for ADCP Discharge Measurements
* [[WERC Snow Survey Procedure]]
* Checking the [[TPS]] precipitation sensor.

== Kuparuk/Bullen/Foothills/Umiat Project Site Logs and To-Do lists ==
* [[all projects]] todo and site logs
* [[Sept 2009 Field Trip ]] General ToDo List
* [[Sept 2008 Field Trip - Emily and Ken]] General ToDo List
* [[June 2008 Field Trip - Emily and Ken]] General ToDo List
* [[North Slope Kuparuk]]
* [[North Slope Bullen]]
* [[North Slope Foothills]]
* [[Seward Peninsula Sites]]

== WERC Field Books ==
* [[ken 2005 1]]
* [[ken 2005-2]]
* [[ken 2006-1]]
* [[ken 2007-1]]
* [[ken 2008-2]]
* [[ken 2008-3]]

== ''Meta-topics'' on the use & setup of the WERC wiki ==
* editing wiki pages
* [[implementing site todo lists and logs]]

Main Page

2009-11-03T00:34:43Z

137.229.76.39: /* Field Notes and Procedures */

= Water and Environmental Research Center Hydrologic Research Sites Wikipedia =

This is a collaborative website for people involved with WERC's research stations, in any of several different projects:

== Some Good Things to Know ==

* [[New Person]] in the department guide
* [[North Slope Training Procedures - Bullen/Foothills/Kuparuk projects]]
* [[Common Instrumentation]] links
* [[Software]] we use
* [[Troubleshooting]] sensors etc.
* [[Common Sensor Wiring]]
* [[Datalogger programming]]
* [[Laboratory Scale Logging Computer]]

== Field Notes and Procedures ==
* Making [[discharge measurements with ADCP]]
* Using the [[Sontek handheld ADP]]
* Using the [[Sontek Rivercat and Toughbook]]
* Using the [[Flo-Mate]] flow meter
* [[Winriver II]] Software for RDI ADCP Discharge Measurements
* Using the [[RDI StreamPro ADCP]]
* Using the [[RDI Rio Grande ADCP]]
* [[Bluetooth Communiciations]] for ADCP Discharge Measurements
* [[WERC Snow Survey Procedure]]
* Checking the [[TPS]] precipitation sensor.
* [[Winriver II]] Software for RDI ADCP Discharge Measurements

== Kuparuk/Bullen/Foothills/Umiat Project Site Logs and To-Do lists ==
* [[all projects]] todo and site logs
* [[Sept 2009 Field Trip ]] General ToDo List
* [[Sept 2008 Field Trip - Emily and Ken]] General ToDo List
* [[June 2008 Field Trip - Emily and Ken]] General ToDo List
* [[North Slope Kuparuk]]
* [[North Slope Bullen]]
* [[North Slope Foothills]]
* [[Seward Peninsula Sites]]

== WERC Field Books ==
* [[ken 2005 1]]
* [[ken 2005-2]]
* [[ken 2006-1]]
* [[ken 2007-1]]
* [[ken 2008-2]]
* [[ken 2008-3]]

== ''Meta-topics'' on the use & setup of the WERC wiki ==
* editing wiki pages
* [[implementing site todo lists and logs]]

Discharge measurements with ADCP

2009-11-03T00:33:11Z

137.229.76.39:

Follow the following excerpt from USGS QAQC procedures by Oberg et. al.:
USGS SIR 2005-5183 "Quality Assurance Plan for Discharge Measurements using Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers"

"It is important to select appropriate measurement cross
sections for streamflow measurements. Many ADCP measurement
problems can be solved by moving to a better measurement
section. The guidelines provided in USGS Water-
Supply Paper 2175 (Rantz and others, 1982, p. 139) should
be followed when using an ADCP, except for those guidelines
that relate to depth and velocity requirements for current-meter
measurements. Rantz states:
“The first step in making a conventional current-meter
measurement of discharge is to select a measurement crosssection
of desirable qualities. If the stream cannot be waded,
and high-water measurements are made from a bridge or
cableway, the hydrographer has no choice with regard to
selection of a measurement cross-section. If the stream can be
waded, the hydrographer looks for a cross-section of channel
with the following qualities:

1. Cross-section lies within a straight reach, and streamlines
are parallel to each other.

2. Velocities are greater than 0.5 ft/s (0.15 m/s) and
depths are greater than 0.5 ft (0.15 m).

3. Streambed is relatively uniform and free of numerous
boulders and heavy aquatic growth.

4. Flow is relatively uniform and free of eddies, slack
water, and excessive turbulence.

5. Measurement section is relatively close to the gagingstation
control to avoid the effect of tributary inflow
between the measurement section and control and to
avoid the effect of storage between the measurement
section and control during periods of rapidly changing
stage.

It will often be impossible to meet all of the above criteria, and
when that is the case, the hydrographer must exercise judgment
in selecting the best of the sites available for making the
discharge measurement. If the stream cannot be waded and
the measurement must be made from a boat, the measurement
section selected should have the attributes listed above, except
for those listed in item 2 concerning depth and velocity.”

General guidelines for selection of an ADCP measurement
section are listed below.

• Desirable measurement sections are roughly parabolic,
trapezoidal, or rectangular. Asymmetric channel
geometries (for example, deep on one side and shallow
on the other) should be avoided if possible (Simpson,
2002), as should cross sections with abrupt changes in
channel-bottom slope. The streambed cross section
should be as uniform as possible and free from debris
and vegetation or plant growth.

• Measurement sections with velocities less than
0.30 ft/s should be avoided if it is possible to do so,
and an alternative measurement location is available.
Although measurements can be made in low velocities,
boat speeds must be kept extremely slow (if possible,
less than or equal to the average water velocity)
requiring special techniques for boat control (Simpson,
2002).

• Depth at the measurement site should allow for the
measurement of velocity in two or more depth cells at
the start and stop points near the left and right edges of
water.

• Sites with very turbulent flow, for example, evidenced
by standing waves, large eddies, and non-uniform
flow lines, should be avoided. This condition is often
indicative of non-homogenous flow, a condition that
violates one of the assumptions required for accurate
ADCP velocity and discharge measurements.

• Measurement sections having local magnetic fields that
are relatively large as compared to the Earth’s magnetic
field should be avoided. Large steel structures, such as
overhead truss bridges, are a common source for these
large local magnetic fields and may result in ADCP
compass errors.

• When using DGPS, avoid locations where multi-path
interference is possible (signals from the satellites
bounce off structures and objects such as trees along
the bank or nearby bridges or buildings) or where
reception of signals from GPS satellites is blocked."

Additional Equipment needed:

Laser Rangefinder to measure shore distances, Field Book for note taking, Handheld radios

Then visit the following pages for documentation of procedures for ADCP you will be using.

Discharge measurements with ADCP

2009-11-03T00:32:04Z

137.229.76.39:

Discharge measurements with ADCP

2009-11-03T00:29:35Z

137.229.76.39:

Follow the following USGS QAQC procedures (from USGS 2005):
USGS SIR 2005-5183 QAQC Report

It is important to select appropriate measurement cross
sections for streamflow measurements. Many ADCP measurement
problems can be solved by moving to a better measurement
section. The guidelines provided in USGS Water-
Supply Paper 2175 (Rantz and others, 1982, p. 139) should
be followed when using an ADCP, except for those guidelines
that relate to depth and velocity requirements for current-meter
measurements. Rantz states:
“The first step in making a conventional current-meter
measurement of discharge is to select a measurement crosssection
of desirable qualities. If the stream cannot be waded,
and high-water measurements are made from a bridge or
cableway, the hydrographer has no choice with regard to
selection of a measurement cross-section. If the stream can be
waded, the hydrographer looks for a cross-section of channel
with the following qualities:

1. Cross-section lies within a straight reach, and streamlines
are parallel to each other.

2. Velocities are greater than 0.5 ft/s (0.15 m/s) and
depths are greater than 0.5 ft (0.15 m).

3. Streambed is relatively uniform and free of numerous
boulders and heavy aquatic growth.

4. Flow is relatively uniform and free of eddies, slack
water, and excessive turbulence.

5. Measurement section is relatively close to the gagingstation
control to avoid the effect of tributary inflow
between the measurement section and control and to
avoid the effect of storage between the measurement
section and control during periods of rapidly changing
stage.

It will often be impossible to meet all of the above criteria, and
when that is the case, the hydrographer must exercise judgment
in selecting the best of the sites available for making the
discharge measurement. If the stream cannot be waded and
the measurement must be made from a boat, the measurement
section selected should have the attributes listed above, except
for those listed in item 2 concerning depth and velocity.”

General guidelines for selection of an ADCP measurement
section are listed below.

• Desirable measurement sections are roughly parabolic,
trapezoidal, or rectangular. Asymmetric channel
geometries (for example, deep on one side and shallow
on the other) should be avoided if possible (Simpson,
2002), as should cross sections with abrupt changes in
channel-bottom slope. The streambed cross section
should be as uniform as possible and free from debris
and vegetation or plant growth.

• Measurement sections with velocities less than
0.30 ft/s should be avoided if it is possible to do so,
and an alternative measurement location is available.
Although measurements can be made in low velocities,
boat speeds must be kept extremely slow (if possible,
less than or equal to the average water velocity)
requiring special techniques for boat control (Simpson,
2002).

• Depth at the measurement site should allow for the
measurement of velocity in two or more depth cells at
the start and stop points near the left and right edges of
water.

• Sites with very turbulent flow, for example, evidenced
by standing waves, large eddies, and non-uniform
flow lines, should be avoided. This condition is often
indicative of non-homogenous flow, a condition that
violates one of the assumptions required for accurate
ADCP velocity and discharge measurements.

• Measurement sections having local magnetic fields that
are relatively large as compared to the Earth’s magnetic
field should be avoided. Large steel structures, such as
overhead truss bridges, are a common source for these
large local magnetic fields and may result in ADCP
compass errors.

• When using DGPS, avoid locations where multi-path
interference is possible (signals from the satellites
bounce off structures and objects such as trees along
the bank or nearby bridges or buildings) or where
reception of signals from GPS satellites is blocked.

Additional Equipment needed:

Laser Rangefinder to measure shore distances, Field Book for note taking, Handheld radios

Discharge measurements with ADCP

2009-11-03T00:29:08Z

137.229.76.39:

Follow the following USGS QAQC procedures (from USGS 2005):
USGS SIR 2005-5183 QAQC Report

It is important to select appropriate measurement cross
sections for streamflow measurements. Many ADCP measurement
problems can be solved by moving to a better measurement
section. The guidelines provided in USGS Water-
Supply Paper 2175 (Rantz and others, 1982, p. 139) should
be followed when using an ADCP, except for those guidelines
that relate to depth and velocity requirements for current-meter
measurements. Rantz states:
“The first step in making a conventional current-meter
measurement of discharge is to select a measurement crosssection
of desirable qualities. If the stream cannot be waded,
and high-water measurements are made from a bridge or
cableway, the hydrographer has no choice with regard to
selection of a measurement cross-section. If the stream can be
waded, the hydrographer looks for a cross-section of channel
with the following qualities:
1. Cross-section lies within a straight reach, and streamlines
are parallel to each other.
2. Velocities are greater than 0.5 ft/s (0.15 m/s) and
depths are greater than 0.5 ft (0.15 m).
3. Streambed is relatively uniform and free of numerous
boulders and heavy aquatic growth.
4. Flow is relatively uniform and free of eddies, slack
water, and excessive turbulence.
5. Measurement section is relatively close to the gagingstation
control to avoid the effect of tributary inflow
between the measurement section and control and to
avoid the effect of storage between the measurement
section and control during periods of rapidly changing
stage.

It will often be impossible to meet all of the above criteria, and
when that is the case, the hydrographer must exercise judgment
in selecting the best of the sites available for making the
discharge measurement. If the stream cannot be waded and
the measurement must be made from a boat, the measurement
section selected should have the attributes listed above, except
for those listed in item 2 concerning depth and velocity.”

General guidelines for selection of an ADCP measurement
section are listed below.

• Desirable measurement sections are roughly parabolic,
trapezoidal, or rectangular. Asymmetric channel
geometries (for example, deep on one side and shallow
on the other) should be avoided if possible (Simpson,
2002), as should cross sections with abrupt changes in
channel-bottom slope. The streambed cross section
should be as uniform as possible and free from debris
and vegetation or plant growth.
• Measurement sections with velocities less than
0.30 ft/s should be avoided if it is possible to do so,
and an alternative measurement location is available.
Although measurements can be made in low velocities,
boat speeds must be kept extremely slow (if possible,
less than or equal to the average water velocity)
requiring special techniques for boat control (Simpson,
2002).
• Depth at the measurement site should allow for the
measurement of velocity in two or more depth cells at
the start and stop points near the left and right edges of
water.
• Sites with very turbulent flow, for example, evidenced
by standing waves, large eddies, and non-uniform
flow lines, should be avoided. This condition is often
indicative of non-homogenous flow, a condition that
violates one of the assumptions required for accurate
ADCP velocity and discharge measurements.
• Measurement sections having local magnetic fields that
are relatively large as compared to the Earth’s magnetic
field should be avoided. Large steel structures, such as
overhead truss bridges, are a common source for these
large local magnetic fields and may result in ADCP
compass errors.
• When using DGPS, avoid locations where multi-path
interference is possible (signals from the satellites
bounce off structures and objects such as trees along
the bank or nearby bridges or buildings) or where
reception of signals from GPS satellites is blocked.

Additional Equipment needed:

Laser Rangefinder to measure shore distances, Field Book for note taking, Handheld radios

Discharge measurements with ADCP

2009-11-03T00:28:40Z

137.229.76.39:

Follow the following USGS QAQC procedures (from USGS 2005):
USGS SIR 2005-5183 QAQC Report

It is important to select appropriate measurement cross
sections for streamflow measurements. Many ADCP measurement
problems can be solved by moving to a better measurement
section. The guidelines provided in USGS Water-
Supply Paper 2175 (Rantz and others, 1982, p. 139) should
be followed when using an ADCP, except for those guidelines
that relate to depth and velocity requirements for current-meter
measurements. Rantz states:
“The first step in making a conventional current-meter
measurement of discharge is to select a measurement crosssection
of desirable qualities. If the stream cannot be waded,
and high-water measurements are made from a bridge or
cableway, the hydrographer has no choice with regard to
selection of a measurement cross-section. If the stream can be
waded, the hydrographer looks for a cross-section of channel
with the following qualities:
1. Cross-section lies within a straight reach, and streamlines
are parallel to each other.
2. Velocities are greater than 0.5 ft/s (0.15 m/s) and
depths are greater than 0.5 ft (0.15 m).
3. Streambed is relatively uniform and free of numerous
boulders and heavy aquatic growth.
4. Flow is relatively uniform and free of eddies, slack
water, and excessive turbulence.
5. Measurement section is relatively close to the gagingstation
control to avoid the effect of tributary inflow
between the measurement section and control and to
avoid the effect of storage between the measurement
section and control during periods of rapidly changing
stage.

It will often be impossible to meet all of the above criteria, and
when that is the case, the hydrographer must exercise judgment
in selecting the best of the sites available for making the
discharge measurement. If the stream cannot be waded and
the measurement must be made from a boat, the measurement
section selected should have the attributes listed above, except
for those listed in item 2 concerning depth and velocity.”

General guidelines for selection of an ADCP measurement
section are listed below.

• Desirable measurement sections are roughly parabolic,
trapezoidal, or rectangular. Asymmetric channel
geometries (for example, deep on one side and shallow
on the other) should be avoided if possible (Simpson,
2002), as should cross sections with abrupt changes in
channel-bottom slope. The streambed cross section
should be as uniform as possible and free from debris
and vegetation or plant growth.
• Measurement sections with velocities less than
0.30 ft/s should be avoided if it is possible to do so,
and an alternative measurement location is available.
Although measurements can be made in low velocities,
boat speeds must be kept extremely slow (if possible,
less than or equal to the average water velocity)
requiring special techniques for boat control (Simpson,
2002).
• Depth at the measurement site should allow for the
measurement of velocity in two or more depth cells at
the start and stop points near the left and right edges of
water.
• Sites with very turbulent flow, for example, evidenced
by standing waves, large eddies, and non-uniform
flow lines, should be avoided. This condition is often
indicative of non-homogenous flow, a condition that
violates one of the assumptions required for accurate
ADCP velocity and discharge measurements.
• Measurement sections having local magnetic fields that
are relatively large as compared to the Earth’s magnetic
field should be avoided. Large steel structures, such as
overhead truss bridges, are a common source for these
large local magnetic fields and may result in ADCP
compass errors.
• When using DGPS, avoid locations where multi-path
interference is possible (signals from the satellites
bounce off structures and objects such as trees along
the bank or nearby bridges or buildings) or where
reception of signals from GPS satellites is blocked.

Additional Equipment needed:

Laser Rangefinder to measure shore distances
Field Book
Handheld radios

Discharge measurements with ADCP

2009-11-03T00:28:10Z

137.229.76.39:

Follow the following USGS QAQC procedures (from USGS 2005):
USGS SIR 2005-5183 QAQC Report

It is important to select appropriate measurement cross
sections for streamflow measurements. Many ADCP measurement
problems can be solved by moving to a better measurement
section. The guidelines provided in USGS Water-
Supply Paper 2175 (Rantz and others, 1982, p. 139) should
be followed when using an ADCP, except for those guidelines
that relate to depth and velocity requirements for current-meter
measurements. Rantz states:
“The first step in making a conventional current-meter
measurement of discharge is to select a measurement crosssection
of desirable qualities. If the stream cannot be waded,
and high-water measurements are made from a bridge or
cableway, the hydrographer has no choice with regard to
selection of a measurement cross-section. If the stream can be
waded, the hydrographer looks for a cross-section of channel
with the following qualities:
1. Cross-section lies within a straight reach, and streamlines
are parallel to each other.
2. Velocities are greater than 0.5 ft/s (0.15 m/s) and
depths are greater than 0.5 ft (0.15 m).
3. Streambed is relatively uniform and free of numerous
boulders and heavy aquatic growth.
4. Flow is relatively uniform and free of eddies, slack
water, and excessive turbulence.
5. Measurement section is relatively close to the gagingstation
control to avoid the effect of tributary inflow
between the measurement section and control and to
avoid the effect of storage between the measurement
section and control during periods of rapidly changing
stage.

It will often be impossible to meet all of the above criteria, and
when that is the case, the hydrographer must exercise judgment
in selecting the best of the sites available for making the
discharge measurement. If the stream cannot be waded and
the measurement must be made from a boat, the measurement
section selected should have the attributes listed above, except
for those listed in item 2 concerning depth and velocity.”

General guidelines for selection of an ADCP measurement
section are listed below.
• Desirable measurement sections are roughly parabolic,
trapezoidal, or rectangular. Asymmetric channel
geometries (for example, deep on one side and shallow
on the other) should be avoided if possible (Simpson,
2002), as should cross sections with abrupt changes in
channel-bottom slope. The streambed cross section
should be as uniform as possible and free from debris
and vegetation or plant growth.
• Measurement sections with velocities less than
0.30 ft/s should be avoided if it is possible to do so,
and an alternative measurement location is available.
Although measurements can be made in low velocities,
boat speeds must be kept extremely slow (if possible,
less than or equal to the average water velocity)
requiring special techniques for boat control (Simpson,
2002).
• Depth at the measurement site should allow for the
measurement of velocity in two or more depth cells at
the start and stop points near the left and right edges of
water.
• Sites with very turbulent flow, for example, evidenced
by standing waves, large eddies, and non-uniform
flow lines, should be avoided. This condition is often
indicative of non-homogenous flow, a condition that
violates one of the assumptions required for accurate
ADCP velocity and discharge measurements.
• Measurement sections having local magnetic fields that
are relatively large as compared to the Earth’s magnetic
field should be avoided. Large steel structures, such as
overhead truss bridges, are a common source for these
large local magnetic fields and may result in ADCP
compass errors.
• When using DGPS, avoid locations where multi-path
interference is possible (signals from the satellites
bounce off structures and objects such as trees along
the bank or nearby bridges or buildings) or where
reception of signals from GPS satellites is blocked.

Additional Equipment needed:
Laser Rangefinder to measure shore distances
Field Book
Handheld radios

Main Page

2009-11-03T00:27:15Z

137.229.76.39: /* Field Notes and Procedures */

= Water and Environmental Research Center Hydrologic Research Sites Wikipedia =

This is a collaborative website for people involved with WERC's research stations, in any of several different projects:

== Some Good Things to Know ==

* [[New Person]] in the department guide
* [[North Slope Training Procedures - Bullen/Foothills/Kuparuk projects]]
* [[Common Instrumentation]] links
* [[Software]] we use
* [[Troubleshooting]] sensors etc.
* [[Common Sensor Wiring]]
* [[Datalogger programming]]
* [[Laboratory Scale Logging Computer]]

== Field Notes and Procedures ==
* Making [[discharge measurements with ADCP]]
* Using the [[Sontek handheld ADP]]
* Using the [[Sontek Rivercat and Toughbook]]
* Using the [[Flo-Mate]] flow meter
* Using the [[RDI StreamPro ADCP]]
* Using the [[RDI Rio Grande ADCP]]
* [[Bluetooth Communiciations]] for ADCP Discharge Measurements
* [[WERC Snow Survey Procedure]]
* Checking the [[TPS]] precipitation sensor.

== Kuparuk/Bullen/Foothills/Umiat Project Site Logs and To-Do lists ==
* [[all projects]] todo and site logs
* [[Sept 2009 Field Trip ]] General ToDo List
* [[Sept 2008 Field Trip - Emily and Ken]] General ToDo List
* [[June 2008 Field Trip - Emily and Ken]] General ToDo List
* [[North Slope Kuparuk]]
* [[North Slope Bullen]]
* [[North Slope Foothills]]
* [[Seward Peninsula Sites]]

== WERC Field Books ==
* [[ken 2005 1]]
* [[ken 2005-2]]
* [[ken 2006-1]]
* [[ken 2007-1]]
* [[ken 2008-2]]
* [[ken 2008-3]]

== ''Meta-topics'' on the use & setup of the WERC wiki ==
* editing wiki pages
* [[implementing site todo lists and logs]]

Sept 2009 Field Trip

2009-08-10T23:21:57Z

137.229.76.39:

This is a to do list detailing work to be done on the Sept 2-13 field trip.
Stream Team (Ken, Emily, Horacio/Bill, Bill Lee or Rob) Sept 2-9 or so working out of Prudhoe first, then moving to Toolik.
Met Team (Mike L., Jeff D., 3rd person) Sept 9-13 or so working out of Toolik.

== Reminders ==
*Remember to make reservations at Toolik (& bring your own sleeping bag/sheets/blankets/pillow).
*Remember to get rooms in Deadhorse.
*Bill or Horacio arrive Sept 3?

== Field Notes ==
* Bring additional fenceposts/e-fence wire/hardware
* Bring SR50 transducer for replacements (change out at all stations on Coastal Plain)
* Remove Bullen/Foothills net rad sensors for recalibration (every two years)
* Bring spare rain grates (US and metric). Check all rain gauges and record in notes whether US or metric gauge.
* Bring a bunch of black campbell SC12 2 peripheral cables (or whatever they are) to leave at new stations/repeaters, they were missing at Itikmalakpak & May Creek.
* Secure Gieck Base to ground with deep rebar in non-rocky areas. (this may or may not have been done at some stations already)
* Apparently some of the tilt down tripods were installed so that they could not be tilted down due to the solar panel being in the way. If time permits, this could be fixed, we use this feature often.
* Note that the program file names are TOO LONG making it impossible to figure out which program is running and impossible to select the correct program to edit. Ken please fix this and the other problems in the programs so we can reload via radio them right before the fall trip (and notice if there are other problems, then at least we can fix during the site visit).
* Bark chips should be added where needed. We should have some up at Toolik but I didn't notice them on the last trip (but I wasn't looking).
* Load updated firmware to datalogger (v. 17)

== Day 0, Drive to Deadhorse (Sept 1/2) -- UAF ==

== Day 1, 2, 3 (Sept 3-5) Shaviovik, U1, Kadleroshilik River, Bullen DBM8, Lower Kad DBM7 helicopter sites -- UAF ==
1. [[Shaviovik River | Shaviovik R]]:
* move PTs into water as needed
* Water Level Survey
* Move/secure PTs
* Install 6' rebar for new and better TBM (install to 5' deep?)
* Discharge Measurement (rio grande or SP / kayak)
* Download a reformat (delete) SD card photos

2. [[No Name River U1| U1 Cr]:
* move PTs into water as needed
* Water Level Survey
* Move/secure PTs
* Install 6' rebar for new and better TBM (install to 5' deep?)
* Discharge Measurement (stream pro or ADP flow tracker)
* Download a reformat (delete) SD card photos

3. [[Kadleroshilik River| Kadleroshilik R]]:
* move PTs into water as needed
* remove HOBO and download data
* Water Level Survey
* Move/secure PTs
* Install 6' rebar for new and better TBM (install to 5' deep?)
* Discharge Measurement (stream pro or ADP flow tracker)
* Download a reformat (delete) SD card photos

4. [[dbm7| DBM7 Kadleroshilik Met]]
* Possibly move portion of station due to cut bank erosion.
* '''Replace SR50.''' Measure old distance to ground and then measure new dist. after installation.
* GWS YSI Air T Thermistor #1 is bad

5. [[dbm8| DBM8 Bullen Met]]
* '''Replace SR50.''' Measure old distance to ground and then measure new dist. after installation.

== Day 4, 5, 6 (Sept 6-8) Anaktuvuk River, Itkillik River, Chandler River helicopter sites --UAF ==

7. [[Chandler R| Chandler R]]
* remove HOBO and download data
* move PTs into water as needed
* air temp backup (ATB?) not working?
* soil surface temp not working
* Water level surveys
* Move/secure PTs
* Install 6' rebar for new and better TBM (install to 5' deep?)
* Check battery box therm
* turn one camera to a different direction
* Download a reformat (delete) SD card photos

8. [[Itikillik R| Itkillik R]]
* turn one camera to a different direction
* air temp backup (ATB?) not working?
* soil surface temp not working
* move higher PT into water
* Water level surveys
* Move/secure PTs
* Install 6' rebar for new and better TBM (install to 5' deep?)
* Download a reformat (delete) SD card photos

9. [[Anaktuvuk R| Anaktuvuk R]]
* Discharge msmst (Rio grande or SP / kayak) (stream team)
* Water level surveys (stream team)
* move PTs into water as needed (stream team)
* Move/secure PTs(stream team)
* Install 6' rebar for new and better TBM (install to 5' deep?) (stream team)
* Add bark chips and snow depth height needs to be entered into the data logger (GWS met team Sept 9-12)
* RH had some problems ~May 29. It looks ok now, but may want to check (GWS met team Sept 9-12)
* Install subsurface soil moisture and temp thermistors (GWS met team Sept 9-12)
* Download a reformat (delete) SD card photos (GWS met team Sept 9-12)
* Secure Gieck Base to ground with deep rebar in non-rocky areas. (GWS Met Team - this may or may not have been done at some stations already)

== Days 7, 8, 9 (Sept 9-12) Umiat Project Met Station installation -- GWS ==

10. [[Itikmalakpak| DUM1 Itikmalakpak ]]
* Download data and upgrade logger to v. 17
* Download a reformat (delete) SD card photos
* Install bark chips as needed and check snow sensor height
* Install subsurface soil moisture and temp thermistors
* Secure Gieck Base to ground with deep rebar in non-rocky areas. (this may or may not have been done at some stations already)

11. [[Upper May Creek| DUM2 Upper May Cr Met]]
* Download data and upgrade logger to v. 17
* Download a reformat (delete) SD card photos
* Install bark chips as needed and check snow sensor height
* Install subsurface soil moisture and temp thermistors
* Bring additional fenceposts and fence wire to expand fence around rain gage and met pole.
* Net rad sensor was pointing directly down at a bunch of flex conduit, better position sensor
* Secure Gieck Base to ground with deep rebar in non-rocky areas. (this may or may not have been done at some stations already)

12. [[Nanushuk| DUM3 Nanushuk Met]]
* Download data and upgrade logger to v. 17
* Download a reformat (delete) SD card photos
* Install bark chips as needed and check snow sensor height
* Install subsurface soil moisture and temp thermistors
* Bring additional fenceposts and fence wire to expand fence around rain gage and met pole.
* Secure Gieck Base to ground with deep rebar in non-rocky areas. (this may or may not have been done at some stations already)

13. [[Tuluga| DUM4 Tuluga Met]]
* Download data and upgrade logger to v. 17
* Download a reformat (delete) SD card photos
* Install bark chips as needed and check snow sensor height
* Install subsurface soil moisture and temp thermistors
* Bring additional fenceposts and fence wire to expand fence around rain gage and met pole.
* Secure Gieck Base to ground with deep rebar in non-rocky areas. (this may or may not have been done at some stations already)

14. [[Anaktuvuk R| Anaktuvuk R]]
* Add bark chips and snow depth height needs to be entered into the data logger (GWS met team Sept 9-12)
* RH had some problems ~May 29. It looks ok now, but may want to check (GWS met team Sept 9-12)
* Install subsurface soil moisture and temp thermistors (GWS met team Sept 9-12)
* Download a reformat (delete) SD card photos (GWS met team Sept 9-12)
* Secure Gieck Base to ground with deep rebar in non-rocky areas. (GWS Met Team - this may or may not have been done at some stations already)

== ''Other TO DO things at Met Stations when in area'' ==

14. [[dbm3| DBM3 Juniper Met]] DBM3:
*Replace rain gage mesh

15. [[dbm4| DBM4 Sag-Ivi Met]] DBM4:
* Check E-Fence

16. [[dbm1| DBM1 Accomplishment Cr Met]]
* Replace rain gage mesh

17. [[dfm4| DFM4 Northwest Kuparuk Met]]
*replace SR50 transducer

18. [[dfm1| DFM1 South White Hills Met]]
*replace SR50 transducer
*check solar panel wiring (frequent drops in voltage)

19. [[dfm2| DFM2 White Hills Met]]
*check soil moisture wiring (irregular spikes through winter 2008/09
*check soil temp, went bad in May 08 (bear damage?)

20. [[dbr4| DBR4 Kavik Rep]]
*GWS YSI Air T Thermistor #1 is reporting out of range data
*GWS YSI Batt Box T Thermistor #1 is reporting out of range data

21. [[dfr1| DFR1 Kak Rep]]
*HMP45C AirT & HMP45C RH are reporting out of range data (replacement?)

22. [[dfr3| DFR3 Shell Pingo]]
*Install camera
*GWS YSI Air T Thermistor #1 is reporting out of range data

23. [[Tuvuk Rep| DUR5 Tuvuk Repeater]]
* Battery box temp is irregular/ not always taking readings
* Soil Surface Temp not recording

Main Page

2009-08-10T21:04:08Z

137.229.76.39: /* site logs and todo lists */

= WERC research sites wiki =

This is a collaborative website for people involved with WERC's research stations, in any of several different projects:

== site logs and todo lists ==
* [[all projects]] todo and site logs

* [[Sept 2009 Field Trip ]] General ToDo List
* [[Sept 2008 Field Trip - Emily and Ken]] General ToDo List
* [[June 2008 Field Trip - Emily and Ken]] General ToDo List
* [[North Slope Kuparuk]]
* [[North Slope Bullen]]
* [[North Slope Foothills]]
* [[Seward Peninsula Sites]]

== WERC field books ==
* [[ken 2005 1]]
* [[ken 2005-2]]
* [[ken 2006-1]]
* [[ken 2007-1]]
* [[ken 2008-2]]
* [[ken 2008-3]]

== Field notes and procedures ==

* Using the [[Sontek handheld ADP]]
* Using the [[Sontek Rivercat and Toughbook]]
* Using the [[Flo-Mate]] flow meter
* Using the [[RDI StreamPro ADCP]]
* [[WERC Snow Survey Procedure]]
* Checking the [[TPS]] precipitation sensor.

== Some other good things to know ==
* [[North Slope Training Procedures - Bullen/Foothills/Kuparuk projects]]
* [[Common Instrumentation]] links
* [[Software]] we use
* [[New Person]] in the department guide
* [[Troubleshooting]] sensors etc.
* [[Common Sensor Wiring]]
* [[Datalogger programming]]
* [[Laboratory Scale Logging Computer]]

== ''Meta-topics'' on the use & setup of the WERC wiki ==
* editing wiki pages
* [[implementing site todo lists and logs]]

RDI StreamPro ADCP

2009-07-07T00:08:30Z

137.229.76.39:

General Notes for IPAQ Use:

1) On the ADCP always point Beam 3 45 degrees from forwards. The beams are labeled near the bottom (sensor part) of the unit but on the cylindrical face. It doesn't matter if Beam 1 or Beam 2 is in front at 45* but it is important for Beam 3 to one of the two beams at the 45* from forward.

2) The transducer should be mounted so that it is submerged 3 to 6 cm below the water surface.

3) Ipaq configurations: To start bluetooth go to Settings -> COnnections -> Bluetooth ... then select the 'Bluetooth Manager' in the bottom of the screen. Click and hold 'RDI SPro 00597: SPP' when prompted, click 'Connect'

4) Note, the maximum depth you can use with the StreamPro is 4 meters.

Another way to get there: Click 'Start' then 'iPAQ Wireless' then 'Bluetooth Manager' then click & hold 'RDI SPro 00597: SPP' when prompted, click 'Connect'

Along those lines, the bluetooth connection is finicky unless you do things in the following order:
1) Turn on Stream Pro
2) Connect via Bluetooth to the Stream Pro
3) Start StreamPro on the iPaq.

After finishing gaging the river shutdown in this sequence (again for better connections later):
1) Select 'Exit' from the menu in the lower left corner of the iPaq (don't just minimize) to quit StreamPro on the Ipaq
2) Disconnect and turn off the Bluetooth on the iPaq
3) Turn off the Stream Pro ADP.

4) To change settings (numbers) from the iPAQ click on the keyboard in the lower right corner.

5) StreamPro Setup:
+ Things you may need to change each time you configure:
Transducer depth (which is the depth from the water surface to the sensor head)
+ Things you should rarely change (I anticipate anyway):
Cell Size (0.10 m), # of Depth Cells (20), Maximum Depth (2.1 m)
+ You can specify the file name of the configuration file if you "save as" and change the file name from the default to the river you are on and maybe the date.
+ A bit more about the rarely changed settings... The cell size can range from 2 to 10 centimeters. So if you are running in shallower water you could reduce the cell size. The cell size refers to how thick the cells are vertically in the water column. The maximum number of cells the unit can process however, is limited to 20 so, if you wanted finer resolution at one meter you couldn't set the cell size to anything less than 5 cm.

+ Time will tell with the ADP but the RiverCat sometimes did better when the total cell number wasn't maximized. We will see with experience whether we should reduce the number of depth cells measured. I think it was a function of the processor. You could use a higher number of depth cells if you were willing to set a longer integration period. The RDI unit doesn't allow you to set the integration period so this may be a non issue but we will see with practical experience.

Additionally, if the stream is less than 1m deep AND the stream velocity is less than 0.25 m/s you can set the depth to 1m or less which will allow you to use the ADP in low noise mode for better accuracy during low flows.

6) Communication Test -- when turning on the unit do a communication test. Click on the 'Test' tab and then click 'Instrument'. From the menu that appears select 'Self-Test' or 'Start Pinging'. You'll get an error message if there are communications problems. If there are problems you may need to turn the ADP on and off again. Also, you should then turn the bluetooth on the Ipaq off and then on again. The final step is to reconnect to the StreamPro ADP as outlined in step 3.

7) When you're ready to gage click the 'DataCollection' menu towards the top of the screen. From this screen click 'Transect Start'. This will bring up a new window where you can select whether you're on the left bank or right bank and the distance from the edge.. Then make measurements until getting to the other bank.

8) The distance from the edge (left bank or right bank edge) is defined for these measurements as the distance to the edge from the point where the ADP is able to measure two good measurements in the vertical column.

9) Energy Usage. The manual gives the following breakdown for ADP run times and battery type:
General Alkaline AA -- 7.5 hours
Nickel-Metal Hydride Rechargeable AA -- 12.75 hours
Lithium nonRechargeable AA -- 21 hours
But, these numbers will probably be less for us by some amount since we'll be using the batteries near freezing where they have a bit less capacity.

10) Be careful with the transducer part of the operation. The Urethane face is sensitive to scratching and extreme temperature (coefficient of thermal expansion for the urethane). Also, remove the batteries after operation so they don't corrode in the battery housing.

11) You can download the data by copying the files (configuration and data files) onto a laptop and load them into WinRiver to river. WinRiver is located on the little toughbook.

WINRIVER II instructions:
1) Must use a laptop with blue tooth capabilities. On the minitoughbook, make sure the wireless switch is turned to the "on" position (left hand side of the computer) and the bluetooth (from the taskbar lightening icon on bottom right corner of screen) is checked to bluetooth ON.
2) Powering up: Press the power button on the StreamPro ADCP.
3) Set up bluetooth: Go to the Bluetooth Manager (in the taskbar) and open up the Bluetooth Settings. Right click on the RDI SPRO 00597 button and click connect. (Note, if you lose connections during the measurement, check here to reconnect and then restart with a new measurement).
4) Configure the peripherals
ADCP
GPS

5) WinRiver II:

a) Open Winriver II and select File --> New Measurement.

b) Enter in the Station data (include the date of measurement in the station name) and click next

c) Enter in any Rating information and click next

d) in the configuration of devices, Winriver II will attempt to talk to the StreamPro ADCP and should automatically detect it (wait a few seconds)

e) in configuration, If using GPS, check the associated buttons. (note that StreamPro cannot use GPS, but you may still be able to use Winriver II to collect the GPS data).

f) in the Offsets, enter in the transducer depth (m), this is the distance from the transducer bottom to the water surface. Note that you should align the transducer heads in line
with the bottom of the float.

g) enter the magnetic variation at your location (not important for StreamPro - required for Rio Grande)

h) Use the default cell size and number of cells if possible, and then enter the max water depth and velocity. The max boat speed should always be equal to or less than the
water velocity.

i) enter the water mode 12 or 13.

j) in the recording section, write down the file name prefix, which should be the Station Name and Location and the date of msmst:
Example: KadleroshilikR_atpipeline_060609

Also check the "Long (YY-MM-DD hhmmss)" in the Use Date/Time in Filename section.

RDI StreamPro ADCP

2009-07-06T22:24:43Z

137.229.76.39:

RDI StreamPro ADCP

2009-07-06T21:43:48Z

137.229.76.39:

General Notes for IPAQ Use:

1) On the ADCP always point Beam 3 45 degrees from forwards. The beams are labeled near the bottom (sensor part) of the unit but on the cylindrical face. It doesn't matter if Beam 1 or Beam 2 is in front at 45* but it is important for Beam 3 to one of the two beams at the 45* from forward.

2) The transducer should be mounted so that it is submerged 3 to 6 cm below the water surface.

3) Ipaq configurations: To start bluetooth go to Settings -> COnnections -> Bluetooth ... then select the 'Bluetooth Manager' in the bottom of the screen. Click and hold 'RDI SPro 00597: SPP' when prompted, click 'Connect'

Another way to get there: Click 'Start' then 'iPAQ Wireless' then 'Bluetooth Manager' then click & hold 'RDI SPro 00597: SPP' when prompted, click 'Connect'

Along those lines, the bluetooth connection is finicky unless you do things in the following order:
1) Turn on Stream Pro
2) Connect via Bluetooth to the Stream Pro
3) Start StreamPro on the iPaq.

After finishing gaging the river shutdown in this sequence (again for better connections later):
1) Select 'Exit' from the menu in the lower left corner of the iPaq (don't just minimize) to quit StreamPro on the Ipaq
2) Disconnect and turn off the Bluetooth on the iPaq
3) Turn off the Stream Pro ADP.

4) To change settings (numbers) from the iPAQ click on the keyboard in the lower right corner.

5) StreamPro Setup:
+ Things you may need to change each time you configure:
Transducer depth (which is the depth from the water surface to the sensor head)
+ Things you should rarely change (I anticipate anyway):
Cell Size (0.10 m), # of Depth Cells (20), Maximum Depth (2.1 m)
+ You can specify the file name of the configuration file if you "save as" and change the file name from the default to the river you are on and maybe the date.
+ A bit more about the rarely changed settings... The cell size can range from 2 to 10 centimeters. So if you are running in shallower water you could reduce the cell size. The cell size refers to how thick the cells are vertically in the water column. The maximum number of cells the unit can process however, is limited to 20 so, if you wanted finer resolution at one meter you couldn't set the cell size to anything less than 5 cm.

+ Time will tell with the ADP but the RiverCat sometimes did better when the total cell number wasn't maximized. We will see with experience whether we should reduce the number of depth cells measured. I think it was a function of the processor. You could use a higher number of depth cells if you were willing to set a longer integration period. The RDI unit doesn't allow you to set the integration period so this may be a non issue but we will see with practical experience.

Additionally, if the stream is less than 1m deep AND the stream velocity is less than 0.25 m/s you can set the depth to 1m or less which will allow you to use the ADP in low noise mode for better accuracy during low flows.

6) Communication Test -- when turning on the unit do a communication test. Click on the 'Test' tab and then click 'Instrument'. From the menu that appears select 'Self-Test' or 'Start Pinging'. You'll get an error message if there are communications problems. If there are problems you may need to turn the ADP on and off again. Also, you should then turn the bluetooth on the Ipaq off and then on again. The final step is to reconnect to the StreamPro ADP as outlined in step 3.

7) When you're ready to gage click the 'DataCollection' menu towards the top of the screen. From this screen click 'Transect Start'. This will bring up a new window where you can select whether you're on the left bank or right bank and the distance from the edge.. Then make measurements until getting to the other bank.

8) The distance from the edge (left bank or right bank edge) is defined for these measurements as the distance to the edge from the point where the ADP is able to measure two good measurements in the vertical column.

9) Energy Usage. The manual gives the following breakdown for ADP run times and battery type:
General Alkaline AA -- 7.5 hours
Nickel-Metal Hydride Rechargeable AA -- 12.75 hours
Lithium nonRechargeable AA -- 21 hours
But, these numbers will probably be less for us by some amount since we'll be using the batteries near freezing where they have a bit less capacity.

10) Be careful with the transducer part of the operation. The Urethane face is sensitive to scratching and extreme temperature (coefficient of thermal expansion for the urethane). Also, remove the batteries after operation so they don't corrode in the battery housing.

11) You can download the data by copying the files (configuration and data files) onto a laptop and load them into WinRiver to river. WinRiver is located on the little toughbook.

WINRIVER II instructions:
1) Must use a laptop with blue tooth capabilities. On the minitoughbook, make sure the wireless switch is turned to the "on" position (left hand side of the computer) and the bluetooth (from the taskbar lightening icon on bottom right corner of screen) is checked to bluetooth ON.
2) Powering up: Press the power button on the StreamPro ADCP.
3) Set up bluetooth: Go to the Bluetooth Manager (in the taskbar) and open up the Bluetooth Settings. Right click on the RDI SPRO 00597 button and click connect. (Note, if you lose connections during the measurement, check here to reconnect and then restart with a new measurement).
4) Configure the peripherals
ADCP
GPS

5) WinRiver II:
a) Open Winriver II and select File --> New Measurement.
b) Enter in the Station data (include the date of measurement in the station name) and click next
c) Enter in any Rating information and click next
d) in the configuration of devices, Winriver II will attempt to talk to the StreamPro ADCP and should automatically detect it (wait a few seconds)
e) If using GPS, check the associated buttons. (note that StreamPro cannot use GPS, but you may still be able to use Winriver II to collect the GPS data).